Gender Inequality in America Essay - 1466 Words

Gender inequality has engulfed the United States and placed copious varying roles onto the male and female sexes. According to Leila Aboulela, Minaret, â€Å"All through life there were distinctions - toilets for men, toilets for women; clothes for men, clothes for women - then, at the end, the graves are identical.† Discrimination places women into different roles and takes away numerous privileges. However in America today after more than a century of struggles by dedicated activists who fought to alter these ideals and gain further rights, the perception of women in society and their contributions to society have been greatly transformed. The feminism activists began their journey in 1848 when they concocted their own form of the†¦show more content†¦It gave them a taste of what was out in the world and got them to think of themselves as workers instead of just homebodies. At first they were hesitant because it was a new domain, but once they grew accustomed to this new role they weren’t about to evacuate and instead embraced their new power with Rosie the Riveter, the new face of activism. Rosie stood for everything these women fought for and was a symbol of hope and persistence. Her famous words echoed through the streets of the United States, â€Å"We Can Do It!† Some of the more daring women wanted to help even more, so they enlisted to go fight alongside the men of their country. These brave women were now soldiers and proved that they could enter dangerous situations and do the job right. For the women of this time there was no going back to the docile housewife of the past. From this poin t on they were looking for a future outside of the house. Then, in 1945 the war drew to a close and men who had been away began to file home. They were anticipating returning to their old jobs that women had occupied when they were away, however women were resisting to leave. In 1963 there was the second wave of the women’s movement when Betty Friedan published her book The Feminine Mystique, which sole purpose was to point out the, â€Å"problem that has no name† (understanding feminism by peta Bowden). The context of the book described that women were being forced to live under their trueShow MoreRelatedGender Inequality, Functionalism and Symbolic Interactionism868 Words   |  4 PagesGender inequality refers to the inequality between men and women, or the unequal treatment or perception of a person based on his or her gender. Gender inequality is almost always prominent towards a female rather than towards a male. Women are seen as inferior to men in every country in the world. This form of society is called patriarchal and is one of this biggest issues in American society today. Patriarchy means that the country has a primarily male dominated society. Does anyone realizeRead MoreSocial Inequality Is An Important Issue In Todayâ⠂¬â„¢S Society.1595 Words   |  7 Pages â€Æ' Social inequality is an important issue in today’s society. Today, people face many inequalities based on their gender, race, religion, and disability status, yet there are many different ideologies and ongoing debate about social inequality. There are three perspectives concerning the issue of inequality in America. This paper will analyze an article about social inequality, â€Å"Gender, Race, and Income Gaps† by Richard Hogan and Carolyn Perrucci, and how it applies to the viewpoints concerningRead MoreGender Equality719 Words   |  3 Pages What is gender equality inequality? An easy question to answer really. Gender equality means that both men women have the same opportunities rights, but gender inequality is different. Gender inequality is when men women don’t have the same opportunities or rights. Back in Ancient Egypt/Greek 1960s society, there was gender inequality. Ancient Egypt Greek society, women were just seen as object, made to be slaves. They were only used for cooking, cleaning, farming, etc. In the 1960sRead MoreProblems Faced By People Right, And Do The Right Thing Essay1335 Words   |  6 Pagesin America â€Å"Treat people right, and do the right thing,† is something I have been taught as a young child. Being clueless child that I was, I had no idea what was going on in America and the problems we had to deal with. I thought America was this perfect place, when in reality, it’s not. People don’t treat each other with respect, nor do they do what is morally right. The United States is trying to make our country a better place, but it’s taking time for all the changes to happen. America is facingRead MoreAnalysis Of The Black Community Labeling Who Is More Oppressed Than Whom1723 Words   |  7 PagesCollins argues that it is dangerous to engage in a comparison of ranking oppression because it shapes competition for attention, resources and theoretical supremacy. According to Collins, race, class and gender are â€Å"interlocking categories of analysis that together cultivate profound differences in our personal biographies.† By using the three l evels of oppression, provided as interlocking categories, it helps explain how to combat the notion of who is more oppressed than whom. The reason itRead MoreAnalysis Of The Article The American Ideal 964 Words   |  4 PagesEconomic inequality has surged into a greater issue over the past several years. Gender inequality is something that has began to reduce in the US ever since the 1900s. Even though big changes have been made, gender inequality stills exists in the workplace due to many reasons. Furthermore, ever since colonial times, racism has been a prodigious problem in the United States . Examples of racial inequality includes poverty and education, as a result, racial inequality has become an obstacle America hasRead MoreA Peoples History of the United States, by Howard Zinn1497 Words   |  6 PagesZinn in his book â€Å"A People’s History of the United States,’’ handles various issues. Though the graphic novel adaptation does not cover all the details of the history of America, the author provides us with a critical view of the history of America where its leaders carry out actio ns independently and not for the benefit of the whole population. It also provides us with examples of atrocities that the American army committed around the world and the country’s commitment to democracy that led it toRead MoreSocial Inequality : The Land Of The Free, And The American Dream979 Words   |  4 PagesWhen one hears America several things come to mind such as the land of opportunity, the land of the free, and the American Dream. However, these ideas are sadly denatured by social hierarchies and inequality. Social inequality comes in many forms. It is a social construct that many people do not see affecting their daily lives, let alone the American society as a whole. According to The Sociology Project 2.0, a social construct is An invented social phenomenon (for example a belief, discourseRead MoreThe Inequality Between Men And Women1529 Words   |  7 Pagesfamilies. One would think that now in the year 2014, the inequality and inequity between men and women would be a thing of the past; something we would be learning about only in history. However, in today’s society, the inequality between the sexes continues. Currently those differences exist in areas like America’s pay scale and also in hiring practices. It was theorist Charlotte Perkins Gilman (1860-1935) who introduced this idea of gender inequality. She was well ahead of her time in recording her theoryRead MoreGender Inequality Of The United States1363 Words   |  6 Pagesto be underpaid, so there’s really no point,† Daniel recalled (â€Å"Career and Workplace† 4). A future law graduate was told to throw away her dreams in regards to gender inequality. A girl named Reshma Daniel had to give up what she loved most because of a situation regarding both her race and gender. Reshma Daniel’s parents moved to America from India with just a couple dollars. Her parents wanted their children to live the American life. For Daniel, that simply meant law school. While at Nova in Southeastern

Clifford Geertz - Interpretive Anthropology - 2636 Words

Social Anthropology Essay. How would you summarize Clifford Geertz’s contribution to the field of anthropology? Clifford Geertz I have chosen this essay on Geertz, as the information I received in class I found interesting and wanted to elaborate on the knowledge I already had. In this essay, I will be discussing Geertz’s contributions to anthropology, and what I have interpreted these contributions as myself. When looking at Geertz’s ideas and theories in Anthropology, some of these ideas and theories will include his theories on the web of relations and symbolism. Geertz also took the idea of theory and came up with new ideas to develop it further. What Geertz was trying to do by looking at symbolism was trying to break down the†¦show more content†¦The term ‘semiotic’ refers to the idea of culture and the understanding of it, through the decoding of signs and symbols. â€Å"Believing with Max Weber, that man is an animal suspended in webs of significance he himself has spun, I take culture to be those webs, and the analysis of it to be therefore not an experimental science in search of law but an interpretive one in search of meaning. It is explication I am after, construing social expressions on their surface enigmatical. (Geertz 1973p. 5).† This concept of culture being semiotic, as Geertz believed, I interpret it as he maintained that symbolism brought meaning and order to people’s lives. Geertz draws on other disciplined sciences like history, philosophy, psychology and literary criticism in order to assess and decode the meanings behind things such as art, institutions, values and beliefs and other symbols as he believes them to be. The interpreting of these signs and symbols for the ethnographer must be based on ‘thick description’ or else all the possible meanings will not be clear. We can also understand Geertz’s idea behind culture more within this as he believes that if the ethnographers can have a better understanding using thick description for these symbols, then different cultures will have an increased understanding of each other. Geertz was interested in making a distinction between thin and thick description.Show MoreRelatedSymbolic And Interpretive Anthropology Of The 1960 s And 1970890 Words   |  4 Pagesfield of symbolic and interpretive anthropology. Symbolic and Interpretive anthropology studies the way people understand their surroundings, actions and utterance of other members of their society through the examinations of symbols. These symbols can be displayed through processes of myth and ritual and reveal how humans/social groups assign meanings to these symbols in order to address fundamental questions about human social life. Symbolic and interpretative anthropology can be divided into twoRead MoreAnthropologists Should Put More Emphasis On Individual Differences And Meanings That Are Not Shared1257 Words   |  6 Pagesinherent uniqueness of the individuals who compose a culture and no science that claims to â€Å"study culture† could be considered a true science if it ignored the buil ding blocks of the subject it is studying. Clifford Geertz shares his views on culture in his essay, â€Å"Thick Description: Toward an Interpretive Theory of Culture† (1973), – he views culture in a sort of public act in which people express themselves using various signs and symbols which have suggested cultural meaning – far from an abstract psychologicalRead MoreSimilarities And Differences Between The Human Mind And Science, History, And Literature1486 Words   |  6 Pages Variations in Symbolic Anthropology After centuries of continuous and unresolved (though not fruitless) debate by many great theorists on how the scientific method should be applied to anthropology, a method was formulated that promised to finally put the debate to rest: just don’t apply them at all. Symbolic Anthropologists advocated the use of â€Å"a variety of tools from psychology, history, and literature† to conduct their anthropology (McGee and Warms 2004:525). The work of Sapir and WhorfRead MoreThe Reason Why La Tomatina893 Words   |  4 Pagesqualifications. Spain is the only country who has proven itself to stand out in the festival of tomatoes. The three theories are symbolic, interpretive and functionalist that use in this research to discuss how anthropologists study the culture. Symbolic theory explains society and social structure through an examination of the micro level of people as individuals. Clifford Geertz is one of the anthropologist that study symbolic in culture because he defines the culture as a patterning of behavior and worldRead MoreThe Interpretation Of Cultures By Clifford Geertz1713 Words   |  7 PagesIn The Interpretation of Cultures, Clifford Geertz neatly collects many of the essays written throughout his academic career. From field research in Indonesia and Morocco to highly theoretical pieces, Geertz contributed a massive amount of work to the study of anthropology, including a new definition of religion, which has been subjected to much admiration and scrutiny. In this essay, I will be discussing some of Geertz’s terminology, cockfighting’s relationship with religion, Asadâ₠¬â„¢s enlighteningRead MoreAnthropology Of Human Culture And Society1745 Words   |  7 PagesAnthropology, as the study of human culture and society, began with the earliest speculation of the humankind. It developed and prospered along with people’s understanding of the world, as the earliest scholars relied on their intelligence and cognition to explain social phenomena. Through the use of rigorous scientific methods and inductive reasoning, they began to propose theories that might explain their findings conceptually and collectively. Among such was the evolutionist theory implicatedRead MoreReligion As A Cultural System1033 Words   |  5 Pagesduring the mid-twentieth century, began to be influenced by ethnographers who went beyond library collections (pg.30, 2015). Clifford J. Geertz, examines the meaning of religious symbols and studies religion in complex, literate societies (pg.31 2015). Geertz more so viewed religion as a cultural system, and his role was to make sense of cultural systems through an interpretive/symbolic approach to religion (pg.31, 2015). His definition for religion through an emic perspective is â€Å" (1) a system whichRead MoreEvolution Of Language And The Brain1447 Words   |  6 PagesGraduate School of Education from 1977-1978 in Philosophy and Cognitive Development. Ultimately pursuing a Ph.D. from Harvard in Biological Anthropology from 1978-1984. Later he joined the Harvard faculty as an assistant professor of biological anthropology, he was promoted to an associate professor. In 1992 became an associate professor of biological anthropology at Boston University and he was an associate at McLean Hospital and the Harvard Medical School. Deacon’s special interests include bio-culturalRead MoreAn Article On Making Strange Exercise2635 Words   |  11 Pagesanyone who visits the house may suffer from smelly odour. Apart from these problems, it is still a house that is worth to purchase or rent. â€Æ' Why do ethnographic research? â€Å"What does the ethnographer do? ... He observes, he records, he analyzes† (Geertz, 1973, pp.19-20). This explanation shows the significance of observation in ethnographic research. Through close observing, researchers may learn to find their feet with the researched. Also, being an insider, ethnographers have a chance to investigateRead MoreMetropolis And Mental Life By Georg Simmel2554 Words   |  11 Pageshealthy workings of the university, church, scientific community, and other social organizations might be at odds with claims of collectivity as manifest in politics. (Boyd) Clifford Geertz his known for his writing â€Å"Thick Description: Toward and Interpretive Theory of Culture.† His work consists of mainly social anthropology. This type of work is based on ethnography, or the study of culture. For this purpose, culture is defined as symbols that guide community behavior. These symbols gain meaning

Marketing Issues and Commercial Players †MyAssignmenthelp.com

Question: Discuss about the Marketing Issues and Commercial Players. Answer: Introduction Workforce is drawing in and holding the ideal individuals, with the correct aptitudes and abilities, to meet present and future business prerequisites. It likewise implies having a high state of engagement and inspiration among workers, with the goal that they can convey on the guarantees businesses convey to clients. Workforce is a key need for employees any company is possessing and the procedure followed to maintain workforce is: Attract and hold the perfect individuals. Assess and grow human capital. Build a strong, connected with and high performing workforce. Maintain work/life adjust Evaluating and rising human workforce implies that investing in talented employee will ensure in an organization success and growth in long term. It's about evolving workers to stretch their full latent so which help in becoming future leaders. This can be done by paying them equilibrium wages to efficient employees of the organization. Literature review While the economic theory of wage theory explains that pay level in any company should be determined according to the supply and demand of employees. The actual pay can differ significantly from one organization to another. In detail, it can be said that an employee will not leave the organization if he is pad the wage level above the market level (Polivka, Cohany Hipple, 2010). Moreover, he will work harder if he is paid according to his work performance at the higher rate. It also implies that paying efficiency wages will serve to a company as the bonus because company need not hire new employees for the position. This is the principle reason of company paying higher than market rate to its employee to retain its efficient employees. Much of the time, employees don't reach on another activity knowing that they should have skills and capability to think about that particular designation included how to function successfully inside the association and any more. According to Jacobs Hawley, (2009) along these lines, firms invest a considerable amount of energy and money getting new representatives up to speed with the goal that they can be completely beneficial at their employment. Moreover, firms spend a great amount of budget in hiring and selecting new employees. According to Weiss, (2014) lower turnover leads to decrease in the expenses related to selecting, employing, and training, so it can be advantageous for an organization to offer incentives which will indirectly diminish turnover. Paying employees more than the equilibrium pay for their work performance implies that it is more troublesome for employees to discover proportional pay if they plan to leave their current organization (Mortensen, 2010). This combined with the way that it's additionally less appealing to leave the present co-workers or switch organization when compensation is higher, implying that higher than equilibrium compensation give employees an incentive to remain with the organization that is offering them better financial support. Increase in Employee Health The hypothesis says that salary higher than equilibrium raises employees health and subsequently their efficiency. According to Burdett, Carrillo?Tudela Coles, (2011) the logic behind this is a higher pay enables workers to care more for themselves such as nourishment, rest, feelings of anxiety, and many more factors. This builds their personal satisfaction and results in better complete health. Businesses profits by a rise in the health of employee on the basis that sound workers are more beneficial than employees who are fragile (Grossbard, 2015). Also, they are lesser chances of them for going on sick leave and their human services costs are also lower. Moreover, in developed economies, this hypothesis is giving less preference, in light of the fact that most employers pay enough to help a sound way of life even on the equilibrium level. And it is fact that in developing economies many individuals still fight to make a fit living even they are employed full time. As per the Efficiency Wage Theory firms can work all the more effectively and turn out to be more profitable if they pay compensation over the equilibrium level. According to Ransom Oaxaca, (2010) there are four distinct hypotheses that figures out how firms can profit by paying higher compensation: higher employee determination, lower worker turnover, appealing experienced employees, and more healthy employees. The first hypothesis proposes that employees who are paid over the equilibrium level will invest more efficiency than employees who are paid lower salary or at an equilibrium level. The second hypothesis expresses that a salary over the balance level lessens unreasonable worker turnover (Mitman Rabinovich, 2011). The third concept proposes that higher wages draw in more talented and higher quality representatives. And the last hypothesis recommends that wages over the equilibrium level raises the workers health and accordingly their efficiency. Greater than equilibrium pay will surely bring about the higher efficiency of the employees that an organization contracts. Higher employees quality comes by means of two pathways, firstly through higher wages raises the general quality and capacity level of candidates for the activity and helps in winning the trust of most capable employees away from competitors. (Higher wages raise quality under the assumption that better quality employees have better outside circumstances that they choose.) The last piece of the efficiency-wage theory is that workers exert more effort (and are hence more productive) when they are paid a higher wage. Again, this effect is realized in two different ways: first, if a worker has an unusually good deal with her current employer, then the downside of getting fired is larger than it would be if the worker could just pack up and get a roughly equivalent job somewhere else. According to Gal Monacelli, 2016) If the downside of getting fired if more severe, a rational worker will work harder to ensure that she doesn't get fired. Second, there are psychological reasons why a higher wage might induce effort since people tend to prefer working hard for people and organizations that acknowledge their worth and respond in kind. Efficiency wage theory will help in providing a united description of some of the labour market rate of wages and employment trend of companies. According to Hatfield, et al., (2013) moreover, according to the efficiency wage hypothesis, higher income taxation can help in reducing the advance tax pay inequality. The companies in the market can be benefitted by lowering the discrimination in pay to employees. This can also help in reducing taxation strategies used by employees to save salary. The theory application in a company will also need less labour regulation calls, as the company is paying already above the equilibrium level of the market. This can be beneficial for the company to save the talented employees before they are transferred to competitors (De Paula Scheinkman, 2011). The method which can be helpful for a company to determine efficiency wages is collective bargaining through which employees engagement is done and higher pay rate is decided by mutual consent. Weakness of efficiency wage theory It is hard to locate some of the key defects in efficiency wage theory, as they affect the pay level of the company completely and that too sometimes without the consent of all stakeholders whose wages will be changes due to efficiency wage theory. The efficiency wage hypothesis also calls for complementing other theoretical concepts like demand and supply, wage rate and many more but most of the time the application of other concepts is not properly linked to the efficiency wage pay level. This inefficiency leads to discrimination and dissatisfaction amongst employees. Moreover, the relation and connection between the collective bargaining, employee market, and efficiency wage are not properly explored to implement the correct benefit to employees. The one more disadvantage of efficiency wage concept is that the pay level in the open market sometimes does not reflect the real cost of production (Vergari, Tibuzzi Basile, 2010). The production cost is sometimes altered to implement the efficiency wage theory creating discrimination or unequal wage for employees. This concept also calls for unwarranted difference in income leading to inequality in organization of same qualification employees getting entirely different pay. If in Frost food Beverage Pte ltd six employees are working jointly as a team to manufacture hamburgers. And on the off chance, the price of hamburgers sells @$1.00 for one piece. There present an X employee who is making 8 hamburgers, Y employee making 10, Z worker thats adding 12, B worker thats making 14, and their most productive worker, making 16 hamburgers and as a team, they are producing on an average 12 hamburgers every hour. The hamburger cafe executive observes his team and concludes that five workers are delivering $60 which is beneficial to the company. So some of the employees will be satisfied with this pay, but there is present dissatisfied employee B producing the highest number of units. According to Haefke, Sonntag Van Rens, 2013) employee will leave and shift to another firm if he will be paid in competitor firm at the rate of $14 per hour and the employer of Frost food Beverage Pte will be losing production of 16 hamburgers per day. Moreover, when that talente d employee leaves the organization the average productivity of the company will also fall. It will be possible that company will be able to produce 11 hamburgers only at the place of 12 hamburgers, so the Frost food Beverage Pte should try to keep the efficient and talented employee to maintain the productivity as well. That is the reason Frost food Beverage Pte ltd should intentionally pay a higher wage so as to pull in the more gainful specialists (Hesketh, Lu Xing, 2011). At that point what the organization would do is put some exertion in screening the specialists endeavouring to get at their private data, making sense of who can deliver a great deal of cheeseburgers, and who can create a couple on the grounds that at the high wage, company will be able to draw in a considerable measure of employees (Bhasin, 2010).). The Frost food Beverage Pte should start to screen and select, with the goal that it can keep these higher specialists at the higher wage, and discover some method for recognizing the low-profitability employees and not contract them by any means. Be that as it may, the company must pay a high wage, a wage above market harmony, on the off chance that it needs to pull in the absolute best employees. That is the thought behind an effectiveness wage. Another case is JPMorgan Chase Co Inc which will raise the minimum wage for numerous employees in U.S. over three years, a decision which was taken due to equilibrium theory and political pressure of some states. It was taken to retain the highest efficient and talented employee in the organization. The salary increase was in U.S from current pay of $10.15 to an equilibrium wage of ranging $12-$16, according to the efficiency and output provided by employees (Visser, 2013). The move was taken to turnover of the talented employee at speedy rate due to low pay level in the organization. So JP Morgan took a step to pay equilibrium pay to experienced and talented employees. The equilibrium wage trend is going up and definitively in densely populated states and cities. This is going mainly in areas where JP Morgan has a large number of employees. This equilibrium wage payment satisfies the need of talented and efficient employees. The reason behind high turnover of employees is pay only, which can be resolved by JP Morgan easily by compensating employees with a superior pay level than competitors. This has shown that nominal income has been increasing by high numbers as compared to labour productivity change. In other words, wages or income paid to employees are increasing throughout the time but in several companies productivity is changing in positive direction by very low amount. Recommendation: In spite of the fact that expanding employee efficiency by increasing wage rates has been in presence in some frame or another since the most recent century. It has been the conflict of that the equilibrium wage does not change in accordance with disequilibrium conditions in the work market, and that this is the best technique for achieving employee market equilibrium not through changes in real wage rate but through statist machinations planned to enhance goodwill in the market. The presence of efficiency wage theory also suggests that the labour market won't be stable at time and will need additional market powers in the economy. Conclusion: The theory of efficiency wage define that worker productivity is having positive connection with the salary paid to employee. The equilibrium wage pay level not all times gives best results as observed from above report. The outcomes sometimes after applying the theory is reversed as employee become lazy and irresponsible towards his work, making organization to face opposite circumstances. In last the cases of Frost food Beverage Pte and JP Morgan is explained showing how the model is implemented. References: Bhasin, M. (2010). Corporate governance in the Asian countries.African Journal of Business Management,4(10), 196-198. Burdett, K., Carrillo?Tudela, C., Coles, M. G. (2011). Human capital accumulation and labor market equilibrium.International Economic Review,52(3), 657-677. De Paula, A., Scheinkman, J. A. (2011). The informal sector: An equilibrium model and some empirical evidence from Brazil.Review of Income and Wealth,57(s1). Efficiency wages, 2017, retrieved on 03rd November, 2017, from https://www.google.co.in/search?q=economic+theory+of+wagesource=lnmstbm=ischsa=Xved=0ahUKEwik4rGPyqHXAhUbSo8KHbCfAfoQ_AUICygCbiw=1366bih=613#imgdii=UrKs9ppmb_8K3M:imgrc=Z6zQc9Zxj2HvzM: Gal, J., Monacelli, T. (2016).Understanding the gains from wage flexibility: the exchange rate connection(No. w22489). National Bureau of Economic Research. Grossbard, S. (2015). A theory of allocation of time in markets for labor and marriage: Macromodel. InThe marriage motive: A price theory of marriage(pp. 21-32). Springer New York. Haefke, C., Sonntag, M., Van Rens, T. (2013). Wage rigidity and job creation.Journal of monetary economics,60(8), 887-899. Hatfield, J. W., Kominers, S. D., Nichifor, A., Ostrovsky, M., Westkamp, A. (2013). Stability and competitive equilibrium in trading networks.Journal of Political Economy,121(5), 966-1005. Hesketh, T., Lu, L., Xing, Z. W. (2011). The consequences of son preference and sex-selective abortion in China and other Asian countries.Canadian Medical Association Journal,183(12), 1374-1377. Jacobs, R. L., Hawley, J. D. (2009). The emergence of workforce development: Definition, conceptual boundaries and implications.International handbook of education for the changing world of work, 2537-2552. Mitman, K., Rabinovich, S. (2011). Pro-cyclical unemployment benefits? Optimal policy in an equilibrium business cycle model. Mortensen, D. T. (2010). Wage Dispersion in the Search and Matching Model.The American Economic Review,100(2), 338-342. Polivka, A. E., Cohany, S. R., Hipple, S. (2010). Definition, composition, and economic consequences of the nonstandard workforce.Nonstandard work: The nature and challenges of changing employment arrangements, 41-94. Ransom, M. R., Oaxaca, R. L. (2010). New market power models and sex differences in pay.Journal of Labor Economics,28(2), 267-289. Singapore department, 2017, retrieved on 03rd November, 2017, from https://static.straitstimes.com.sg/sites/default/files/st_20160424_ycwage24a_2240173-page-001.jpg Vergari, F., Tibuzzi, A., Basile, G. (2010). An overview of the functional food market: from marketing issues and commercial players to future demand from life in space.Bio-Farms for Nutraceuticals, 308-321. Visser, J. (2013).Wage Bargaining Institutionsfrom crisis to crisis(No. 488). Directorate General Economic and Financial Affairs (DG ECFIN), European Commission. Weiss, A. (2014).Efficiency wages: Models of unemployment, layoffs, and wage dispersion. Princeton University Press.

World Literature-Romanticism Essay Example

World Literature-Romanticism Essay Explain how these two writers seek to bring us in touch with our true human nature by experiencing our natural environment. Identify the patterns of description and imagery that reveal each poet’s sense of nature, and explain what each poet shows us we gain from being close to nature and natural feelings. Does either poet sense anything negative or dangerous about nature and â€Å"being natural†?For the English Romantic poets of the late Eighteenth and early Nineteenth centuries, Nature provided not only the them, but the psychological and spiritual inspiration for many of their most profound and enduring works. Two key poets of the Romantic movement, William Blake and Samuel Taylor Coleridge provide a rich example of how Romantic poets perceived a duality in nature, one which consisted of the ideal and also of the lost or fallen ideal. Although William Blake was not, technically, a part of the Romantic movement and preceded the Romantic movement by a few years, his poe try exemplifies many of the attributes which are associated with English Romanticism, foremost among them, his visionary experience of nature and his attempt to articulate this vision through poetry which referred to nature in symbolic terms.Blakes poems present a simplistic surface; they are often short poems with readily identifiable subjects: flowers, animals, city-scapes or landscapes. The poems usually rely upon a sing-song rhythm and upon a repetition of imagery. A good illustration of this technique is Blakes poem The Ecchoing Green which presents a seemingly ideal bucolic surface and shows very little overt tension: The Sun does arise,/ And make happy the skies./The merry bells ring,/To welcome the Spring. (Blake) and within these opening lines there is only   the faintest hint that ideal nature contains potential peril or negativity. The hint lies within the words does and make which imply that Divine force must be present in order to create paradisal reality. In other wo rds, the inference by suggestion here is that without the sun, there would be no nature at all. This seemingly obvious and simple fact means little in logical or scientific terms, but when the poem is read symbolically, the connotations are clear.The poems closing lines clarify Blakes symbolic intent even more fully, remembering that the sun in this poem stands as a symbol for Divine power:No more can be merryThe sun does descend,And our sports have an end:Round the laps of their mothers,Many sisters and brothers,Like birds in their nest,Are ready for rest:And sport no more seen,On the darkening Green.(Blake)Without the presence of the sun, the Green becomes dark and foreboding. Though Blakes poem presents a simple, child-like surface, its symbolic connotations do, indeed, stipulate a duality in nature and that duality is dependent upon a Divine (sun) power in order to create an ideal.This aspect of symbolism in nature is pronounced even moreso in Blakes poem The Tyger. In this poem , Blake imagines the duality of nature personified in the symbol of a tiger: Blakes symbolism is directly related to his imaginative development, and the very nature of his poetry is the conflict of symbol with symbol, and the dramatic qualification of the symbolism as we shift from Innocence to Experience; (Gardner 10) this means that, for Blake, nature is not only good but contains the latency of evil or destructiveness in it as well.Instead of positing the sun as a symbol for absolute, Divine power, in thsi poem, Blake imagines the force of the sun as fire as a more ambivalent reality, a portent of natures ambiguity and latent danger: In what distant deeps or skies/Burnt the fire of thine eyes?/On what wings dare he aspire?/What the hand dare sieze the fire? (Blake). The lines are interrogative   rather than affirmative. Nature, as the tyger, is viewed as a puzzle, a fearsome unknown.  Ã‚   However, Blakes complex symbolism allows for the tyger to also symbolize natures essen tial goodness and ideal aspects: the symbolism of night implicit in The tyger is itself used to express the triumph of Innocence over Experience (Gardner 129) and the poems deep resonance relies upon the reconciliation of the lamb as a symbol of innocence and the tyger as a symbol of experience. Throughout all of these aspects, nature is viewed as a unifying force, one which contains but does not obliterate good or evil.Like Blake, Samuel Taylor Coleridge saw a duality in nature, but he also recognized the innate capacity for natural symbols to represent the human psyche and the human imagination. For Coleridge, as for Blake, the human soul and nature were one. This means that the ideal projection of nature is an ideal projection of the human soul in the poetry of a romantic poet, but so also is the projection of the human capacity for destruction, waste, and ignorance what might be loosely termed as evil or the fallen ideal. Coleridges famous poem Kubla Kahn deals with this dich otomy in nature and in the human psyche. Like Blake, Coleridge relies on symbolism; however, Coleridges symbolism is much more elusive and complex than Blakes and verges on what many consider to be hermeticism, or a type of poetic secrecy. Because Kubla Kahn is widely regarded by critics as a fragment, that is an unfinished poem, it symbolically represents nature in both form and symbolism, particularly with the preservation of essential mystery.The poem concerns a vision that the poet had while in a dream. The poems vision is inspired by nature and, in aft, posits the dual aspects of nature: ideal and perverse as represented by the domes in the poem. The contrast in visions is Coleridges division of his experiences of nature: The vision of Xanadu (1-36) consists of an antithesis and a third term. Kublas garden, described in a lofty, commanding, but matter-of-fact tone, is landscaped according to geometrical principles abstracted from the natural phenomena which are their ultimate s ource. Kubla imposes his forms (dome, rills, towers, walls: parabola, curve, cylinder, rectangle) upon naturally occurring materials whose own properties are thereby modified, appropriated, or eliminated: (Levinson 105)   in other words, one aspect of the poem is to show the disjointed idealism, the perversion of reality which takes place when man (represented by Kubla Kahn) attempts to impose his will or vision nature. The ideal aspects of nature flourish within harmony and imagination: The gardens physical beauty and its carefully constructed harmonies conceal the violence of its underlying naturalwe might say, libidinalenergies. Kublas empire, a product of will and reason, is fanciful rather than organic, its internal necessity an artifact, its beauty an anti-truth. (Levinson 105)The symbolism employed by Blake and Coleridge allowed these poets to represent a complex and nuanced vision of nature, one which contained not only their ideal projections and visions, but their appreh ension of a fallen ideal, of the experrience which harms nature wand allows man to fall out of balance. For both poets, it is the frightening and inspiring aspects of nature which drive poetry andWorks CitedGardner, Stanley. Infinity on the Anvil: A Critical Study of Blakes Poetry. Oxford: Basil   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Blackwell, 1954.Levinson, Marjorie. The Romantic Fragment Poem: A Critique of a Form. Chapel Hill, NC:   Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   University of North Carolina Press, 1986.

Analyse Principles Of Christian Giving Religion Essay Essays

Analyse Principles Of Christian Giving Religion Essay Essays Analyse Principles Of Christian Giving Religion Essay Paper Analyse Principles Of Christian Giving Religion Essay Paper Introduction Frank Jabini ( 2009 ) , How to Give Joyfully discusses rules of Christian giving. I will summarize the major instructions of the book. He places accent on the importance of being faithful stewards of what God entrusts to us. Biblical support will be given to the chief rules that will be discussed. My church s learning about giving, in the visible radiation of the rules in Jabini, will be discussed. Similarities and differences will be indicated. Where there are differences I will bespeak the position I consider most Biblical and why. My ain wonts with regard to giving will be evaluated and I will depict how the book affected my ain thought about giving. This resolved to alter in my ain giving wonts, I will bespeak what I intend to alter and what caused me to take that determination. Jabini s rules about giving Jabini ( 2009:1 ) says we can take our billfolds to the Lord gleefully. This is the cardinal message of the book. Jabini s principals can be sum-ups under the followers: Misconceptions about giving Jabini ( 2009: 12 ) explains that the Bible does non learn us that 10 % is the per centum that we should give. God s people gave more than 10 % on a regular footing by giving three types of tithes. In add-on to tithes they gave assorted freewill offerings from their first fruits. It is non true that you have to give when and how God moves your bosom. It has to be done on a regular basis ( like supplication ) . You can non be excessively hapless to give. Jesus told the narrative about the widow, who gave her two coins, to exemplify this ( Luke 21:2-4 ) . When we give to the Lord, it is because God is the proprietor of everything we have. We acknowledge His ownership by giving Him the first and the best of all that He gives us. ( Jabini: 2009 ) Motivations for giving A echt retainer of the Lord will non give because of greed to anticipate anything in return but will admit them as God s gifts to His people, free of charge ( Matt. 10:8 ) ! Jabini ( 2009 ) gives four motivations for giving: The first motivation for giving is: gratefulness. In the Old Testament Abel gave a freewill offering to the Lord ( Gen 8:21 ) . As an act of worship Noah made an offering of thanksgiving when he walked out of the Ark. Israel offered forfeits of Thanksgiving ( Lev. 1 ) . Christian should give themselves to the full and wholly to the Lord ( Rom 12:1-2 ) . God wants our whole lives ( Rom 6:13 ; 19 ) . Harmonizing to the New Testament our congratulationss ( Heb 13:13 ) and our money ( Phil. 4:18 ; Heb. 13:16 ) should be given to God as a forfeit of gratefulness because He has done great things in our lives. ( Jabini: 2009 ) . Gratitude to those who have fed us spiritually is the 2nd motivation. In the Old Testament God commanded Israel to give their first tithe to the demand of the Levites ( ( Lev. 27:30-32 ; Num. 18:21, 24, 26-28 ) . The first fruit was for the priests ( see Lev. 2:14 ; Num. 18:8-20 ) In the New Testament God ordains that those who preach the good intelligence should be supported by those who benefit from it ( 1 Cor. 9:14 and Gal. 6:6 and 1 Tim. 5:17 ) . ( Jabini: 2009 ) The 3rd motivation is love and compassion for the needy. God cares about the hapless, orphans and widows. In the Old Testament He asked the people of Israel to give a tithe to them ( Deut. 26:12 ) . God s people has a duty towards the needy and He wants them to give liberally, non merely leftovers ( Deut. 15:10 ) In the New Testament Paul devotes two chapters to promote the church of Corinth to give toward the demands of the hapless in Jerusalem ( 2 Cor. 8-9 ) . Jabini ( 2009 ) calls on us to give joyful to the needy in our local churches. ( Jabini: 2009 ) Fourthly we give because we have a passion that the ministry of the Gospel would be advanced. Believers in Philippi set a good illustration. By directing money to Paul he could transport on prophesying the Gospel in Thessalonica. In Phil. 4:16 he thanked them. ( Jabini: 2009 ) In drumhead, Jabini ( 2009 ) says the following must steer us in giving to the Lord: Gratefulness to Him Gratitude toward His workers Love and compassion for the needy Passion for the promotion of the ministry of the Gospel. ( Jabini: 2009 ) Motivations for giving Harmonizing to Jabini ( 2009 ) another four things should be our motive for giving. In the first topographic point God has given us the illustration. God is the proprietor of everything. All that I am and have belongs to Him ( 1Chr. 29:14 ; 1 Cor. 6:19-20 ; Ps 24:1 ) . Money does non possess me. God gave His best His lone boy ( John. 3:16 ) . Jesus gave His life ( Mark 10:45 ) . The Holy Spirit gave me gifts ( 1 Cor. 12:11 ) . We should follow His illustration by giving the best! ( Jabini: 2009 ) Second, God commands us to give. It is compulsory ( 1 Cor. 16:2 ; 2 Cor. 8:7 ; Heb. 13:16 ) . ( Jabini: 2009 ) Third, we could follow the illustration of Godly leaders, like David, who gave copiously ( 1Chr. 29:2 and 1 Chr. 29:3-5 ) . ( Jabini: 2009 ) Fourthly, Jabini ( 2009 ) says giving has a positive consequence on our religious life. Giving brings religious approval. It will take the focal point from the earthly towards the heavenly and protect us against the love for money ( 1Tim. 6:10 ) . If our hoarded wealth is in Eden, our Black Marias will be at that place ( Matt. 6:19-21 ) . ( Jabini: 2009 ) To summaries our motives forgiving: God s illustration God commands us. The illustration of Godly leaders A positive consequence in our religious lives. ( Jabini: 2009 ) Methods of giving Jabini ( 2009 ) points out that even though we focus on money and material ownerships in the stuff, we should besides give clip, gifts and organic structure ( all ) to the Lord. God want us to give our best and our first, non leftovers like Abel in Gen. 4:4. Paul instructed the Corinthians to give regular and systematic ( 1 Cor. 16:2 ) . ( Jabini: 2009 ) We should give mandatary and voluntarily. We should give cheerfully ( God loves cheerful givers ) ( 2 Cor. 9:7 ) We should give sacrificially ( 2 Cor. 8:3 ) We should give volitionally ( Exod. 25:2 ) We should give candidly ( non like Ananias and Sapphira ) ( Acts 5:1-11 ) We should give on a regular basis and consistently ( 1 Cor. 16: 1-2 ) ( Jabini: 2009 ) The hapless ( 2 Cor. 8:9 ; Luke 21:2-4 ) and the rich ( 2 Cor. 19:1-10 ; 2 Cor. 8:14 ) should give. Giving is a affair of our attitude. We should react with generousness when God s people are in demand. Our local church and community is our first duty. ( Jabini: 2009 ) Mercy of giving When we give, our religious life is affected. We grow when we give. We focus on Eden and God alternatively of earthly ownerships ( Matt. 6:19-21 ) . Giving frees us from the love of money ( Matt. 19:21 ) . The Old and New Testament promise that God will bless those who give ( Luke 6:38 ) . ( Jabini: 2009 ) Decision Giving is a privilege and a bid. God wants His people to give gleefully to His causes, back up His worker and back up His work. He uses His kids as instruments of blessing to the needy. We all have something different to give ( Lev. 1:9 ; 13 ; 17 ) . We should inquire ourselves: What is my part at this phase? ( Jabini: 2009 ) My church s learning about giving My church understands that it has a responsibility in assisting the members become the best Christian he/she can be. Therefore it helps and advice the members on the affair of giving by scriptural instructions out of God s word and their illustration. The best manner they teach the right attitude and values of giving is by reflecting a perfect illustration in the manner that they as an administration manage the fold s money, Gods manner. Our leaders set good illustrations, merely as the scriptural leaders, that we can follow. ( David: 1Chr. 29:3-5 and 1 Chr.29:6-8 ) . The money of our church is handled by known and trusted people, full of the Spirit and wisdom ( Acts 6:2-3 ; 2 Cor.8:18 ; 2 Cor. 8:21-22 ) . Our church works really responsibly and be after each twelvemonth s budged decently. Proverbs 24:27 besides teach us that. They make proviso in the budged to pay all costs and to give money in a regular and systematic manner to all the assorted ministries. Like Paul taught the Corinthians in 1 Cor. 16:2. Congregation members are encouraged to pay their tithe on a regular basis and consistently by manner of debit orders. During services or particular occasions people are besides encouraged to give voluntary gifs by agencies of self-generated gifts of thanksgiving. A scriptural illustration of this is Cain in Gen 4:3-5. As Cain we have to give the best with the right attitude ( Luke 21:2-4 ) fluxing out of gratefulness and worship to God. Congregation members are bucked up and supported to non merely gleefully give money but besides clip, cognition or whatever you can offer for the good of the Kingdom. The fold is besides encouraged to give ownerships ( other than money ) if particular undertakings arise out of demand. As the Israelites brought the stuff for the edifice of the Tabernacle ( Exod. 25:2 ; 35:29 ; 36:5, 7 ) . In the annually budged proper proviso is made for missionaries and people who work in ministry. This shows a passion for the ministry of the Gospel. The trusters in Philippi set a good illustration in this respect as they supported Paul ( Phil 4:16 ) . Our church has assorted ministries where the demands of the hapless every bit good as the demands of the fold members are addressed ( Gal 6:10 ; 1 Tim 5:4-5, 9, 16 ; Acts 2:44-45 ) They help people to see the beatitude of generous and adoring giving. By giving we know we are hive awaying up hoarded wealths in Eden ( Matt.6:19-21 ) and this makes us free from the love of money ( Matt 19:21 ) . To us giving is an escape of God s grace and redemption ( John 12:1-3 ) . I believe my church does hold a good scriptural learning about giving. After reading Jabini ( 2009 ) I can see that our church succeeds in making most of the scriptural principals Jabini ( 2009 ) pointed out. Our church gives cheerfully and prayerfully out of gratefulness to Him who is the proprietor of all we are and have. ( Dutch Reformed Church ) My strong beliefs about giving I can truly attest that taking the principals of Jabini to bosom, over the past few months, truly changed my life. I have ever been good at giving liberally but I discovered I have room for much betterment. I have neer consciously separated myself from perfectly everything I am, and have, by puting it back in the custodies of God. Just for a minute to state: I will be ( and have ) nil without Your grace and approval in my life GOD! Confessing that all I am and have does non truly belong to me. I realized that God entrusted me with everything and I have a duty on how I receive and manage it. Let me explicate the deduction of to the full giving back to God. Over the past two old ages God helped me with the most hard thing to consciously allow travel my kids. As they grow up and leave the house you realise that you can non ever have control over their protection. This was an easy undertaking when they were small. I am so thankful that God taught me that I was non the one prot ecting them in any instance. After being taught to put your kids s protection in His custodies, how hard could it be to consciously put earthly ownerships in His custodies? With His grace and the strength of the Holy Spirit I will confidently state: I trust you God. It was within this bare, hapless and delicate province that I discovered the true significance of giving gleefully . I have ever been highly blessed my whole life. For this I will be everlastingly thankful. I am besides thankful that God has given me a sensitive bosom to acknowledge agony and non to take anything I have for granted. During the last six months we have experienced fiscal trouble because of a really expensive house we have in Cape Town that we could non pull off to sell. I have besides experienced God s celestial proviso. For six months we, and everybody we know, were praying but perfectly nil happened. I could non understand why God did non reply our supplications. He provided miraculously in the most unexpected ways to cover our deficits and He gave us the peace that Phil 4:7 speaks about but still perfectly nil ( except ailments ) happened on the house. One twenty-four hours after reading in Jabinis book I prayed the supplication where I placed all that I have in the custodies of God. That same twenty-four hours our estate agent called and informed me that everybody in their office had been speaking about a unusual thing that had happened. Their phones had been lifelessly soundless for the past few yearss but all of a sudden the phone could non halt pealing with questions about Fairwinds 41 . The first offer that came in was for precisely the sum we advertised. The offers had been coming in of all time since and are waiting in line. I have learned so many lessons through this experience. I have even received really gracious approvals through this. I am genuinely thankful for all the approvals in my life particularly the religious approvals that I receive when God reveals His truth to me. He is my loyal defender and my gracious supplier. I choose to swear Him. Knowing this, I will be the faithful and obedient steward of that which the Lord entrusted to me. I will take Jabinis rules to bosom and pattern them. God will give me the counsel, wisdom and the strength to cognize how and where to give gracefully. Decision There are many lessons to be learned from the principals in Jabinis book. I am really thankful that my church besides teaches the same principals. Personally I have grow from the lessons that I have learned. It will give me the greatest joy describable to give!

Analyse, deliver, evaluate and reflect a teaching experience in clinical placement The WritePass Journal

Analyse, deliver, evaluate and reflect a teaching experience in clinical placement Introduction  Ã‚   Analyse, deliver, evaluate and reflect a teaching experience in clinical placement Introduction  Ã‚   REFERENCES.Related Introduction  Ã‚   The aim of this essay is to   analyse, deliver, evaluate and reflect a teaching experience in clinical placement. So also as utilising appropriate theories to support my preferred method of   teaching and how the teaching   session was delivered.   I will also   consider in my   discussion the role of teaching, learning and supervision session evaluation and personal evaluation. I   organised a teaching package   that   is beneficial to   nursing staff, support workers, students, healthcare assistants and all teaching staff   within my placement that are willing to increase their knowledge and skills ,most especially confidence in this area.   I     designed   a teaching session which would   permit   for different learning needs and styles to be   considered .   The course objectives (Armitage et al, 2003) were   identified   as: understand   the clinical use of   the effectiveness and limitation of ECT, demonstrate an understanding of   the history of ECT. It is essential that you     know where learning finishes and what you would like your learners to know   after   learning   come to an end. The outcome of learning and the   Course objectives, provide a clear stop   point for a teaching session (Reece and Walker, 2003). Because   individual learner have their systematic ways of learning, introducing different styles of teaching     can be used to meet the different needs and preferences of individuals. According to   Ã‚  Kolb   ( 1984 )there are four learning styles which learners learn better  Ã‚   diverger: this learner learns better by undergoing an experience and then reflecting upon it,  Ã‚   Assimilator this learner prefers to observe and think,   converger: this learner like to   think while   doing   and   accommodator: they   learn best through action, by doing and feeling. Honey and Mumford (quote in Hillier, 2002) also identify four learning styles. They   developed this further, using an 80 item questionnaire   they were able to identify individual   learning styles that are important,   based on Kolbs’, but renamed ‘activist’ : these learners enjoys immediate experience but becomes bored easily, ‘reflector’ : collects information and is a thoughtful listener, ‘theorists’: these are learner that likes to analyse,   and   ‘pragmatists’: these are learners who like to try out ideas and theories.   Experimental.   According to   Armitage et al (2003) effective learners have skills in each of these areas, but to varying degrees. Fleming identified different learning styles based on how information is presented, such as the auditory learning style (Fleming and Baume, 2006).   Other   styles   identified by Fleming is the visual styles.   Fleming created a questionnaire which aimed to identify the learners   preferred learning style.   This questionnaire was later updated to include the read / write style as Fleming identified that some learners visual preference is for pictures, graphs, maps etc. whereas others is for written word (Fleming, 2009).   Fleming and Baume state that understanding learning styles can improve learning by matching strategies with styles (2006). Learner   have different way of   learning styles, and different stage of understanding (Hillier, 2003. Reece   and Walker, 2003).   Individual   learner also has specific goals and expectations (Armitage et al, 2003). I decided   not to utilise the   questionnaires among the groups because l felt it will be of more benefit in one to one teaching rather than in a group setting .  Ã‚   variety in teaching methods has   provide to be   greatly effective using a variety of media in a teaching   session promotes interest and motivation.   Ã‚  By utilising media aimed at multiple senses there is ‘a greater likelihood that the learner will perceive what is intended’ (Reece and Walker, 2003: 159).   I decided to make the attendance at this teaching session optional, As motivation is an essential aspect in the effectiveness of learning (Armitage et al, 2003). My chosen topic for my teaching session was Electro- Convulsive Therapy ( ECT).   The rationale for choosing this topic is because l have observed that it is an intervention commonly used in   the clinical practice area and because of its controversial description in psychiatry. I     will be exploring in a critical manner the clinical use of the effectiveness and limitation of ECT.   Ã‚  I structure the objectives of the teaching session with consciousness to time an attention span because l learnt that the average student attention span is between twenty minutes after which learner find it difficult to concentrate on the teaching     Penner (1984). According to   Erickson and Strummer,(1991) recommends that special attention and time to   preparation, illustration and demonstration in other to be   able to respond to student confusion or questions. Shulman, (1987) also   stated that an important characteristics of an effective teacher is the ability to take di fficult concepts and transform them in such a ways that students can understand through the use of examples,   metaphors ,and   analogies . I sent e-mail to all the nursing staff and the administration staff   few   weeks prior to my teaching session inviting them to attend my teaching session. I ensure that l got a suitable environment for my teaching ,   in   order to facilitate my teaching session   I required somewhere where I could expose my learner to some theories. According to Spouse (1998), the environment used for learning   can   have   influence   on   the learners interest to the teaching and how they develop their practical skills   development. Having   this   in mind, I considered   an area free from noise and where there is no   distraction which will benefit   my teaching delivery. I was lucky to find the training room vacant with the help   of   the   nurse manager, a quiet area where my learners could become engaged within the relative safety of a restricted audience, limited to only those within a teaching/learning capacity (Spouse, 1988).Another thing that l knew it helped my teaching was the learners feeling of safety within   the   environment use , it enhanced the learner and general experience. On the day of my teaching session, I organized my teaching session notes, read through them for     grammatical errors, and read through the teaching     handout for   some   additional points that needed to be added or removed. There was   cross   ventilation   in   the room and l made sure that there was enough water, cups   and snacks on a table for the comfort   and convenience of the staff.   I ensured that the environment was conducive for everyone. It was also explainable to   another   person ,meeting the needs of learners whose preferred style is auditory / verbal (Reece and Walker, 2003). I used Microsoft power   point   which allowed me to do my presentation in a way that met the needs of     auditory and visual learners   as I could include written information alongside information presented in pictorial and video format, which also meets the needs of the read / write style identified by Fleming (2009). Moreover, ,l gave out   handouts summarising the main points support this method (Hillier, 2002) and also meet   the needs of learners whose preferred learning style is a combination of visual and verbal (Reece and Walker, 2003). I then proceed   by introducing the topic I chose to teach, Electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) is an extremely effective method of treatment for severe depression, that   does not respond to medications or other forms of treatment (Nancy and James 2002).   The National Institute for Health and Clinical Excellence (NICE) (2003a) defined Electro convulsive therapy (ECT) as a medical treatment for severe mental illnesses in which a small, carefully controlled amount of electricity is introduced into the brain and used in conjunction with anaesthesia and muscle relaxant medications to produce a mild generalised seizure .Guidance on ECT recommended that ‘‘ECT is used only to achieve rapid and short-term improvement of severe symptoms after an adequate trial of other treatment options has proven ineffective or when the condition is considered to be potentially life-threatening in individuals with severe depressive illness, catatonia and a prolonged or severe manic   episod e’’. NICE ( 2003b). I discussed about the routine physical check that should be carried out to make sure that the patient is physically fit for the series of general anaesthetics involved in a course of ECT and the treatment itself. RCN (1987) stipulates that these checks should include full blood count; physical examination, X- rays, ECG, urinalysis, and lever function test (LFT) are required. I also discussed the roles of nurses and student nurses, which includes to   develop   therapeutic relationship with the client to build trust, to     provide emotional and educational support for patient’s behaviour, memory, and functional ability prior and post prior ` ECT. The teaching session was interactive,   the   significance of   my chosen topic was openly discussed     and there was lots of contributions,   questions , comments, and individual opinions was made know. I also delivered teaching on   engaging with client that suffers from severe depression, because it’s a     Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  crucial   aspect of care that builds a relationship with clients,   careers   Bleach and Ryan (1995). The teaching style I used was humanistic approach. I made the session interactive and informal. Milligan (1995), Stated that, informal sitting arrangement facilities adults learning and best can be achieved through learning centred approach because it enhances learner’s self- concept, promotes autonomy, self direction and critical thinking. I   Reflected after my teaching session, I had a     reflection on my teaching session and my individual attributes.   Life   is   the basic for reflection and without it ,there appears to be no discernible basis for being and knowing Taylor ( 2002 ). Reflection is also very important in other to respond to clients in an individual way,   and   in other to enhance our   knowledge in a dynamic way to grow professionally and also to   increase how effective   professional . I will be using Gibb’s,   six stage problem solving reflective cycle to evaluate and reflect on my   teaching   session .   Because   it   primarily written as an educational tool for beginner reflectors (Gibbs, 1988). My teaching session focused   on   clients   that   have   mental health problem   with severe depression. The teaching session was interactive. The role of nurses and student nurses in the care and treatment, the need for engagement, the need for holistic care, the significance of the session to the placement area and care delivery for clients .The importance of the session to the placement area and care delivery for clients. This   session   also focused on some Mental health nurse that view clients with depression as difficult and challenging to be professional and give holistic care without prejudice. I was very nervous at the   start of the teaching session, most especially about the fact that l might not be able to answer questions I will be asked after the teaching session . But within   a short time l became very relaxed, the staff showed interest in the topic and the handout was a great help. I had to do an evaluation on the whole session, to determine whether or not the teaching and learning had been effective, l felt confidence, because the aims, objective and positive   opinion l targeted to put across in the session was well explained and analysed by me and it was well received and understood by the listeners. The challenge l faced was distraction during the session. Because of   some staff had to excused themselves to attend to emergency on the ward,   Ã‚  distress calls,   depot to be administered and emergency reviews with the consultant. I was able to pin point my weaknesses and strengths from   and how l can improve   better   after l collected the evaluation forms l gave out after the teaching session.   Richardson ( 2005) ,stated that Questionnaires for feedback are important in establishing the quality and effectiveness of teaching.   This feedback help my teaching method   and   style to become more effective in future. I realised l had to take criticism more positively for my   teaching   session   to   be more   effective and successful. I also felt l needed to be more competent. What   I   could have done better when it arose again ,l will include the roles of relatives and careers   in my   presentation because   they play a vital role in the clients well being. I should have also   included literature related all pre- treatment checklists in my handout , as staff criticised me positively about these two points listed.   Also, I   will   have   given   out pamphlets to back up handouts distributed. I should also have researched recent studies to   support   my teaching session, l will also involve my mentor in supervising my presentations before l start the teaching session. Supervision is a pedagogical process where clinical experiences are made clear and systematized in a professional context  Ã‚   Severinsson ( 1994 ). In conclusion, this assignment has facilitate me to   improve my confidence and competence in delivery   teaching   session. The teaching session has helped   me to reflect on positive and negative feedbacks. In     addition, l am able to take criticism   positively and constructively. The teaching session has helped   me to recognise hindrances   to successful teaching session, teaching styles, difficulty   to learning understanding learning for teaching , arrangement , delivery and evaluation of teaching sessions. furthermore this experience has made me to be aware of my learning style. My learning style is a reflector (a reflector takes a more cautious approach and thinks things though before committing to action)   . This teaching session knowledge has widened my skills, values and competencies. In future, teaching session by writer will be more professional, evidence based and competent. REFERENCES. Armitage, A., Bryant, R., Dunnill, R., Renwick, M., Hayes, D., Hudson, A., Kent, J Lawes, S. (2003) Teaching and Training in Post-Compulsory Education. 2nd ed. Berkshire: Open University Press. Bleach, A and Ryan, P (1995). Engagement and relationship in community support for Mental Health. London; The Sainsbury centre for mental health. Erickson, B,L and Strommer, D,W. (1991) Teaching college Freshmen. Sam Francisco, Jossey-Bass. Fleming, N. Baume, D. (2006) ‘Learning Styles Again: VARKing up the Right Tree!’ Educational Developments 7 (4) pp. 4-7. Gibbs, G. (1988) Learning by doing: A Guide to teaching methods. Further education unit, oxford Brookes University. Hillier, Y. (2002) Reflective Teaching in Further and Adult Education. London: Continuum. Honey P and Mumford A (1992) The manual of Learning Styles, 3rd edition, Maidenhead: Peter  Ã‚  Ã‚   Honey Publications. Kolb D (1984) Experiential Learning: Experience as the source of learning and development. Englewood Cliffs: Prentice Hall. Milligan, F (1995). In the defence of andragogy. Nurse Education Today 15:22-27. NANCY, E.B. AND JAMES, W.J. (2002) Electroconvulsive Therapy: A Guide.   Madison, USA: Madison Institute of Medicine. NATIONAL INSTITUTE for HEALTH AND CLINICAL EXCELLENCE, NICE (2003a) Appraisal of Electroconvulsive Therapy: Decision of Appeal Panel. London: NICE. NATIONAL INSTITUTE for HEALTH AND CLINICAL EXCELLENCE, NICE (2003b) Guidance on the Use of Electro Convulsive Therapy, Technology Appraisal No 59. London: NICE Penner, J.G (1984). Why many college teachers cannot lecture. Springfield Ill, Thomas. Reece, I. Walker, S. (2003) Teaching, Training and Learning: a Practical Guide. 5th ed. Tyne and Wear: Business Education Publishers Limited. Richardson, T. (2005) Instruments for obtaining student feedback: a review of the literature Assessment and Evaluation in Higher Education 30 (4) pp. 387-415. Severinsson, E (1994). The concept of supervision in psychiatry care-compare with leadership and mentorship; A review of literature. Journal of Nursing management 2,271-278. Shulman, L.S (1987). Knowledge and Teaching Foundation of the New reform. Harvard Education Review, 57(1) 1-22. Spouse J (1998) Learning to Nurse Through Legitimate Peripheral Participation, Nurse Education Today, Vol 18, pp345-351. 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Explore Canadian cultural developments and further examine those which Essay

Explore Canadian cultural developments and further examine those which would impact the investment plans of a German-based luxury car manufacturer - Essay Example However, the country’s recent economic prosperity and the ability to be at par with the competitive world are some affirmations of this conservatism. According to Bill Currie, Deloitte’s chair, the Canadians feel they are good and do not need to take risks that are not comfortable with them. In a report produced by Deloitte Company, uncertainty and risk were noted as the greatest obstacles to the Canadian business owners. In addition, other Canadian business leaders claim that the high cost of labour is the primary cause that is restraining their capabilities to invest in research and development (OVSEY, 2012). According to OVSEY (2012), Prof Peridis disagrees with their claims noting that the Germans despite their high labour costs can still sell their products. They produce knowledge-intensive products and adds that a culture of modesty cannot be changed overnight. Thus, for Canada to become a serious contributor to the business globe, it needs time to change that conservative culture. Audi is among the top luxury car producing company in Germany. The Audi manufacturers are known for their numerous innovations in the automotive industry. For this reason, Audi can be termed as a risk taker in the global business world due to their willingness to venture their business worldwide. Furthermore, plans to invest globally in the Chinese and American markets are underway by the Audi automobile company. These plans were triggered by the developments in both countries and the need to sell their products worldwide to develop economically (BOUDETTE, 2014). Despite the facts that Canadian companies are conservative and do not love innovation, the Canadian country can be a good market for the Audi to sell their cars. As well, this is because the locally based companies are very reluctant in innovating anything new. As a result, Canadians may be willing to break the monotony in their countries and try to import